This study introduces four sensors utilizing multiple fiber Bragg grating constellations embedded in a silicon dioxide single-mode fiber for simultaneous pressure, temperature, and bending curvature measurement. By varying grating constellation, dimensions, and materials, researchers optimized sensor performance. Results indicate that the optimal configuration involves a high cladding-to-coating ratio, less-stiff coating, and the combination of two gratings to form a Fabry–Pérot interferometer.

The paper presents a concept for fabricating a biosensor with enhanced long-term stability and offers new options for designing photonics-based microsystems aimed at analysing biosamples. In order to couple the light used to probe samples, a grating is illuminated from the back side, thus realizing an inverted grating configuration. This offers the possibility of designing microsystems that can be operated more conveniently and with a much extended lifetime.

A very small, anharmonic but periodic signal is separated from a noise background that is orders of magnitude larger than the pure signal. The approach consists of a sequence of filters and transformations and is demonstrated on an interferometric measurement of the high-temperature chemical expansion of a thin film, containing heat haze, thermal length drift, and parasitic vibrations. The displacement is 38 % larger and the uncertainty 35 % lower than when evaluated with previous approaches.

The purpose of our study is to demonstrate the detection of hydrogen in a mixture with natural gas by means of ultrasound measurements. In the coming years, hydrogen will be mixed with natural gas and distributed in the available gas pipeline network; therefore, monitoring the hydrogen content in real time becomes a necessity. We show the implementation of miniature ultrasound transducers (CMUTs) for this purpose by measuring the speed of sound of the mixture.

A human activity recognition (HAR) system carried by masseurs for controlling a therapy table via different movements of legs or hip was studied. This work starts with a survey on HAR systems using the sensor position "trouser pockets". Afterwards, in the experiments, the impacts of different parameters and configurations on the classification accuracy is examined to get a thorough understanding of the classification process.

An airborne measurement system with an onboard computer for data processing and recording that does not require constant radio communication for inspection and maintenance is presented. It detects, locates, and quantifies methane leaks using a gimbal-mounted sensor. A model that correlates wind speed with drone attitude is presented and compared to measurements made with an anemometer. The quantification of methane emissions was evaluated in a laboratory setup and at an open-area test site.

This article describes a small prototype sensor designed to sense carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels for indoor air quality monitoring. The device uses a photoacoustic detector fabricated using a wafer-bonding process. This allows for high-volume production of the sensors. The prototype presented is small in size and can detect CO₂ levels as low as 81 ppm with a response time of 53 s. Our results show suitability for application in indoor air quality control systems.

The temperature dependence of the resonance frequency of quartz resonators can be used for thermal infrared sensors. The quartz chips must be very thin to obtain a good sensor signal. This work describes how to manufacture and package sensors with 5 µm thin chips. Different sensor layouts are ion beam etched; they influence the vibration of the resonators, which is shown by impedance measurements. The temperature coefficient of the resonance frequency is determined to be around 90 ppm K^-1.

A simple physically motivated model for measurements obtained by nondestructive testing and evaluation using eddy-current methods is created by using equivalent circuit networks that include all relevant effects. The transfer function of a network is derived and its physical meaning discussed. For use in process control, a sensor system with low-latency parameter identification is integrated into a forming process, and its abilities to monitor microstructure changes are demonstrated.

We present a sensor platform that can detect the oral cancer signature of biomarkers in saliva. This system works by arraying metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) and electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs), with each targeting a biorecognition element (BRE) from a DNA sequence found in the promoter region of most biomarker genes. This system is also applicable to the simultaneous diagnosis of TNF-α and IL-1β immune-modulator biomarkers.

Continuous quality monitoring has become increasingly important in industrial processes, such as raw-milk monitoring. This can often be achieved by detecting individual process markers in the gas phase, which requires inexpensive analytical systems. Therefore, an easy-to-implement three-step concept has been developed that aims to bring together the chemical–analytical and sensor–technical sides. This concept is designed to be applicable in a wide variety of cases and to a range of sensors.