Articles | Volume 5, issue 1 
            
                
                    
            
            
            https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-5-137-2016
                    © Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-5-137-2016
                    © Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Signal modeling of an MRI ribbon solenoid coil dedicated to spinal cord injury investigations
Christophe Coillot
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
                                            
                                    
                                            Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C-UMR5221), BioNanoNMRI group, University of Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Rahima Sidiboulenouar
                                            Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C-UMR5221), BioNanoNMRI group, University of Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Eric Nativel
                                            Institut d'Electronique et des Systèmes (IES-UMR5214), University of Montpellier, Campus Saint-Priest, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Michel Zanca
                                            Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C-UMR5221), BioNanoNMRI group, University of Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    
                                            Nuclear medicine, CMC Gui de Chauliac, University Hospital Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Eric Alibert
                                            Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C-UMR5221), BioNanoNMRI group, University of Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Maida Cardoso
                                            Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C-UMR5221), BioNanoNMRI group, University of Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Guillaume Saintmartin
                                            Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C-UMR5221), BioNanoNMRI group, University of Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    
                                            Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INSERM U1051), University of Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Harun Noristani
                                            Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INSERM U1051), University of Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Nicolas Lonjon
                                            Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INSERM U1051), University of Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    
                                            Nuclear medicine, CMC Gui de Chauliac, University Hospital Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Marine Lecorre
                                            Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INSERM U1051), University of Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    
                                            Nuclear medicine, CMC Gui de Chauliac, University Hospital Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Florence Perrin
                                            Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INSERM U1051), University of Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Christophe Goze-Bac
                                            Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C-UMR5221), BioNanoNMRI group, University of Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
                                        
                                    Related authors
C. Coillot, M. El Moussalim, E. Brun, A. Rhouni, R. Lebourgeois, G. Sou, and M. Mansour
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 4, 229–237, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-4-229-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-4-229-2015, 2015
                            C. Coillot, J. Moutoussamy, M. Boda, and P. Leroy
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 3, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-3-1-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-3-1-2014, 2014
                            Pauline de Pellegars, Liu Pan, Rahima Sidi-Boulenouar, Eric Nativel, Michel Zanca, Eric Alibert, Sébastien Rousset, Maida Cardoso, Jean-Luc Verdeil, Nadia Bertin, Christophe Goze-Bac, Julien Muller, Rémy Schimpf, and Christophe Coillot
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 117–125, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-117-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-117-2020, 2020
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                Electromagnetic coils are ubiquitously used in the modern world in motors, antennas, etc. In numerous applications, like nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging (known as MRI), there is a strong need for a homogeneous magnetic field. In this paper, we take advantage of an analytic method to propose a new design of MRI coils with enhanced sensitivity and homogeneity.
                                            
                                            
                                        Rahima Sidi-Boulenouar, Ariston Reis, Eric Nativel, Simon Buy, Pauline de Pellegars, Pan Liu, Michel Zanca, Christophe Goze-Bac, Jérome Barbat, Eric Alibert, Jean-Luc Verdeil, Frédéric Gatineau, Nadia Bertin, Atma Anand, and Christophe Coillot
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 7, 227–234, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-227-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-227-2018, 2018
                            Christophe Coillot, Eric Nativel, Michel Zanca, and Christophe Goze-Bac
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 5, 401–408, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-5-401-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-5-401-2016, 2016
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                Electromagnetic coils are ubiquitously used in the modern world in motors, electronic components, inductive sensors, etc. In many applications (magnetic sensor calibration and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI)) there is a strong need for a homogeneous magnetic field. We propose a simple analytic modelling allowing determination of the electrical conductor distribution to make it homogeneous. The method brings the perspective of new homogeneous magnetic calibration and NMRI coils.
                                            
                                            
                                        C. Coillot, M. El Moussalim, E. Brun, A. Rhouni, R. Lebourgeois, G. Sou, and M. Mansour
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 4, 229–237, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-4-229-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-4-229-2015, 2015
                            C. Coillot, J. Moutoussamy, M. Boda, and P. Leroy
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 3, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-3-1-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-3-1-2014, 2014
                            Related subject area
            Sensor principles and phenomena: Magnetic sensors
            
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                Soft sensor system for in-process eddy current microstructure characterization
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                Analysis of thermal-offset drift of a high-resolution current probe using a planar Hall resistance sensor
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                Energy analysis of a wireless sensor node powered by a Wiegand sensor
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                Three-dimensional coil system for the generation of traceable magnetic vector fields
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                Traceably calibrated scanning Hall probe microscopy at room temperature
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                Homogenous nuclear magnetic resonance probe using the space harmonics suppression method
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                Development of a rotating-coil scanner for superconducting accelerator magnets
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                Magnetic-field CMOS microsensor for low-energy electric discharge detection
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                                     
                                Comparison of defect detection limits in Lorentz force eddy current testing and classical eddy current testing
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                            
                                     
                                The magnetic field homogeneity of coils by means of the space harmonics suppression of the current density distribution
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                            
                                     
                                The active magnetic tracking with scalable coverage: indoor navigation for smartphones
                                
                                        
                                            
                                    
                            
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                            
                                     
                                Magnetic noise contribution of the ferromagnetic core of induction magnetometers
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                            
                                     
                                New ferromagnetic core shapes for induction sensors
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                            
                                     
                                On-board hybrid magnetometer of NASA CHARM-II rocket: principle, design and performances
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            
                            
                            
                                     
                                Near-field wireless sensing of single and multiple open-ended micro coils
                                
                            
                            
                        
                    
                    
            
        
        Sebastian Hütter, Yury Simonin, Gerhard Mook, and Thorsten Halle
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 13, 237–244, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-13-237-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-13-237-2024, 2024
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                A simple physically motivated model for measurements obtained by nondestructive testing and evaluation using eddy-current methods is created by using equivalent circuit networks that include all relevant effects. The transfer function of a network is derived and its physical meaning discussed. For use in process control, a sensor system with low-latency parameter identification is integrated into a forming process, and its abilities to monitor microstructure changes are demonstrated.
                                            
                                            
                                        NamYoung Lee, Jaesoo Kim, and DaeSung Lee
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 12, 225–234, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-12-225-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-12-225-2023, 2023
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                Because most commercialized current sensors can only measure current flow when a signal line is inserted into a clamp-shaped probe, it is impossible to measure the current waveform of a high-end PCB with a sub-millimeter fine pitch. We developed a pin-type current probe with high sensitivity, targeting the analysis of high-end PCBs. The probe can measure the current waveform by simply contacting the measurement point. This paper reports on the current sensor development.
                                            
                                            
                                        Jonas Wiegner, Hanno Volker, Fabian Mainz, Andreas Backes, Michael Loeken, and Felix Huening
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 12, 85–92, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-12-85-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-12-85-2023, 2023
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                The paper describes a novel energy-harvesting system based on the Wiegand effect. The energy provided by this harvester is analysed and correlated to the required energy to start a microcontroller and perform some wireless data transfer. The energy consumption is analysed in detail down to component level. A demonstrator including an additional sensor and wireless transmitter was built, proving that sufficient energy is provided by the harvester for the wireless transfer of the sensor data.
                                            
                                            
                                        Nicolas Rott, Joachim Lüdke, Rainer Ketzler, Martin Albrecht, and Franziska Weickert
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 11, 211–218, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-11-211-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-11-211-2022, 2022
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                We describe the development and characterization of a three-dimensional (3D) magnetic coil system that is able to produce magnetic flux densities of up to 2 mT in an arbitrary field direction. The coil system can be used to calibrate 3D magnetometers efficiently, and the measurements are traceable to national SI units.
                                            
                                            
                                        Manuela Gerken, Aurélie Solignac, Davood Momeni Pakdehi, Alessandra Manzin, Thomas Weimann, Klaus Pierz, Sibylle Sievers, and Hans Werner Schumacher
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 391–399, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-391-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-391-2020, 2020
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                Traceably calibrated scanning Hall microscopy (SHM) is a versatile tool for the quantitative characterization of magnetic microstructures. To enable SHM with a resolution in the micrometer range under ambient conditions, two Hall sensor materials, gold and graphene, were investigated. A SHM setup utilizing a 5 μm gold Hall sensor was calibrated. The field sensitivity and the detailed uncertainty budget are discussed. The presented traceable calibration is validated by comparison to simulations.
                                            
                                            
                                        Pauline de Pellegars, Liu Pan, Rahima Sidi-Boulenouar, Eric Nativel, Michel Zanca, Eric Alibert, Sébastien Rousset, Maida Cardoso, Jean-Luc Verdeil, Nadia Bertin, Christophe Goze-Bac, Julien Muller, Rémy Schimpf, and Christophe Coillot
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 117–125, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-117-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-117-2020, 2020
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                Electromagnetic coils are ubiquitously used in the modern world in motors, antennas, etc. In numerous applications, like nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging (known as MRI), there is a strong need for a homogeneous magnetic field. In this paper, we take advantage of an analytic method to propose a new design of MRI coils with enhanced sensitivity and homogeneity.
                                            
                                            
                                        Piotr Rogacki, Lucio Fiscarelli, Stephan Russenschuck, and Kay Hameyer
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 9, 99–107, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-99-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-99-2020, 2020
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                The High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) project at CERN will require new superconducting magnets with strict requirements in terms of field quality. A new measurement system based on rotating coils has been developed to characterize them with high accuracy. The system measures the required quantities in a single run, which greatly reduces the necessary time and resources. Thanks to its versatility, it can be adapted to a variety of magnet sizes without major effort.
                                            
                                            
                                        Mohamed Hadj Said, Farès Tounsi, Libor Rufer, Hatem Trabelsi, Brahim Mezghani, and Andrea Cavallini
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 7, 569–575, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-569-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-569-2018, 2018
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                This paper addresses the development and characterization of a non-intrusive silicon-based microsensor, which can detect electric partial discharges in electrical insulation equipment. Early partial discharge detection prevents failures and can be used to optimize maintenance operations. The main advantage of the proposed CMOS-based design resides in its monolithic integration added to the high autonomy, which improves the microsensor efficiency.
                                            
                                            
                                        Jan Marc Otterbach, Reinhard Schmidt, Hartmut Brauer, Marek Ziolkowski, and Hannes Töpfer
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 7, 453–459, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-453-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-453-2018, 2018
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                Lorentz force eddy current testing (LET) is a motion-induced eddy current testing method in the framework of nondestructive testing. In this study, we address the question of how this method is classified in comparison with a commercial eddy current testing (ECT) device. Therefore, measurements using both methods are performed and evaluated. Based on the measurement results, the corresponding defect detection limits are determined and discussed.
                                            
                                            
                                        Christophe Coillot, Eric Nativel, Michel Zanca, and Christophe Goze-Bac
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 5, 401–408, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-5-401-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-5-401-2016, 2016
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                Electromagnetic coils are ubiquitously used in the modern world in motors, electronic components, inductive sensors, etc. In many applications (magnetic sensor calibration and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI)) there is a strong need for a homogeneous magnetic field. We propose a simple analytic modelling allowing determination of the electrical conductor distribution to make it homogeneous. The method brings the perspective of new homogeneous magnetic calibration and NMRI coils.
                                            
                                            
                                        Michail Zhelamskij
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 5, 355–371, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-5-355-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-5-355-2016, 2016
                                    Short summary
                                    Short summary
                                            
                                                The article shows that indoor navigation can be resolved on the basis of improved magnetic  tracking. A theory of indoor navigation based on magnetic positioning is proposed. The functioning of the local system was confirmed experimentally. The author is goes on to continue this work as a full-scale experiment to validate the proposed technique. The work is part of the doctoral thesis of the author. All work is executed by the author on his own initiative alone, at his own expense.
                                            
                                            
                                        C. Coillot, M. El Moussalim, E. Brun, A. Rhouni, R. Lebourgeois, G. Sou, and M. Mansour
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 4, 229–237, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-4-229-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-4-229-2015, 2015
                            C. Coillot, J. Moutoussamy, M. Boda, and P. Leroy
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 3, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-3-1-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-3-1-2014, 2014
                            C. Coillot, J. Moutoussamy, G. Chanteur, P. Robert, and F. Alves
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 2, 137–145, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-2-137-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-2-137-2013, 2013
                            A. Yousaf, J. M. Boccard, F. A. Khan, and L. M. Reindl
                                    J. Sens. Sens. Syst., 2, 35–43, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-2-35-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-2-35-2013, 2013
                            Cited articles
                        
                        Akoka, S., Franconi, F., Seguin, F., and Le Pape, A.: Radiofrequency map of an NMR coil by imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 11, 437–441, 1993.
                    
                
                        
                        Belevitch, V.: The lateral skin effect in a flat conductor, Philips tech Rev., 32, 221–231, 1971.
                    
                
                        
                        Bloch, F.: Nuclear Induction, Physical Review, 70, 460–474, 1946.
                    
                
                        
                        Butterworth, S.: On the alternating current resistance of solenoidal coils, Proc. R. Soc. Lon. Ser.-A, 107, 693–715, 1925.
                    
                
                        
                        Grant, C. V., Wu, C. H., and Opella, S. J.: Probes for high field solid-state NMR of lossy biological samples, J. Magn. Reson., 204, 180–188, 2010.
                    
                
                        
                        Hidalgo, S. S., Jirak, D., Solis, S. E., and Rodriguez, A. O.: Solenoid coil for mouse-model MRI with a clinical 3-Tesla imager: body imaging, Rev. Mex. Fis., 55, 140–144, 2009.
                    
                
                        
                        Hoult, D. I.: The Origins and Present Status of the Radio Wave Controversy in NMR, Concept. Magn. Reson. A, 34, 193–216, 2009.
                    
                
                        
                        Hoult, D. I. and Richards R. E.: The signal-to-noise ratio of the nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, J. Magn. Reson., 24, 71–85, 1976.
                    
                
                        
                        Insko, E. K. and Bolinger, L.: Mapping of the Radiofrequency field, J. Magn. Reson., 103, 82–85, 1993.
                    
                
                        
                        Insko, E. K., Elliott, M. A., Schotland, J. C., and Leigh, J. S.: Generalized Reciprocity, J. Magn. Reson., 131, 111–117, 1998.
                    
                
                        
                        Jacquinot, J.-F. and Sakellariou, D.: NMR Signal Detection using Inductive Coupling: Applications to Rotating Microcoils, Concept. Magn. Reson. A, 38, 33–51, 2011.
                    
                
                        
                        Knight, D. W.: Solenoid Inductance Calculation, version of Sept. 2015, available at: http://www.g3ynh.info/zdocs/magnetics/Solenoids.pdf, 2013a.
                    
                
                        
                        Knight, D. W.: The self-resonance and self-capacitance of solenoid coils, version of Sept. 2015, available at: http://www.g3ynh.info/, 2013b.
                    
                
                        
                        Meme, S., Joudiou, N., and Szmereta, F.: In vivo magnetic resonance microscopy of Drosophilae at 9.4T, Magn. Reson. Imaging, 31, 109–119, 2013.
                    
                
                        
                        Mispelter, J., Lupu, M., and Briguet, A.: NMR probehads for biophysical and biomedical experiments: theoretical principles and practical guidelines, Imperial College Press, 2006.
                    
                
                        
                        Noristani, H. N., Lonjon, N., Cardoso, M., Le Corre, M., Chan-Seng, E., Captier, G., Privat, A., Coillot, C., Goze-Bac, C. and Perrin, F. E.: Correlation of in vivo and ex vivo 1H-MRI with histology in two severities of mouse spinal cord injury, Front. Neuroanat., 9, 24, https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2015.00024, 2015.
                    
                
                        
                        Pimmel, P.: Les Antennes en Resonance Magnétique Nucléaire: Fonctionnement et Réalisation, PhD Thesis, Univ. Claude Bernard, Lyon, 1990.
                    
                
                        
                        Sekhon, L. H. and Fehlings, M. G.: Epidemiology, demographics, and pathophysiology of acute spinal cord injury, Spine, 26, S2–12, 2001.
                    
                
                        
                        Webb, A. G.: Radiofrequency microcoils for magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, J. Magn. Reson., 31, 55–66, 2013.
                    
                
                        
                        Wheeler, H. A.: Simple Inductance Formulas for Radio Coils, P. IRE, 16, 1398–1400, 1928.
                    
                Short summary
            Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful tool for biological investigations. Nevertheless, the imaging resolution performance results in the combination of the static magnetic field strength and the radio-frequency coil efficiency. In the context of spinal cord lesion studies, a ribbon solenoid coil is used to enhance the imaging quality of the MRI experiment on a tissue allowing one to perform high-resolution imaging with potential benefits for biological studies.
            Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful tool for biological investigations. Nevertheless,...